Thoroughly updated, this extensive reference source provides indepth information on all matters relating to the european union eu. The long processes of history marked it off as the home of a distinctive civilization. Rene mayer is elected president of the ecsc high authority. The first thing to unify europe was tectonic shift. Cite subscriber feature the member countries of the european union joined at different times. The european innovation partnership on smart cities and communities eipscc is an initiative supported by the european commission that brings together cities, industry, small business smes, banks, research and others. Additionally, each of the three boasts rich histories, and what they lack in size or population, they make up for in. European union member state simple english wikipedia, the. Withdrawal is advocated by danish eurosceptics and opposed by danish proeuropeanists. Some states marked are only partially located in europe. The european union is a unified trade and monetary body of 28 member countries.
The general atmosphere of the continent, reflected in the romantic, realist, and modernist movements that swept through its nations, reflected a growing cognizance of previously neglected social realities that. The term also commonly refers to the european communities, which comprise. Western european union weu, former association 19552011 of 10 countries belgium, france, germany, greece, italy, luxembourg, the netherlands, portugal, spain, and the united kingdom that operated as a forum for the coordination of matters of european security and defense. Then when humans finally evolved, much of europe was defined by the roman empire, the byzantine empire, the frankish empire, and the holy roman empire, which was like the roman empire but a bit more pious. Approximately 430 articles were rewritten or updated, including censorship, computer, education, european union, nato, and olympic games. The general atmosphere of the continent, reflected in the romantic, realist, and modernist movements that swept through its nations, reflected a growing.
The eu grew out of the european economic community eec which was established by the treaties of rome in 1957. Eastern european immigrants stand at counter reenactment 22. European union eu, name given since the ratification nov. The immediate objective of the danish eurosceptics is to have a referendum on their.
The european union eu is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are. However, many aspects of the union existed before that date through a series of. Europe is a more ambiguous term than most geographic expressions. It contributed to the creation of the north atlantic treaty organization nato and worked in cooperation with that.
Eu is a confederation of 27 member countries in europe established by the maastricht treaty in 19921993. The act of joining the european union through a treaty of accession with the other member states. Encyclopedia of the european union the european union. European union be mainly perceived as a supranational undertaking, or should it. It aims to improve urban life through more sustainable integrated solutions and addresses cityspecific challenges from. The eu was created by the maastricht treaty, which entered into force on november 1, 1993. This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total. The european communities ec, sometimes referred to as the european community, were. The european union eu came into being on 1 november 1993 when the treaty on european union, negotiated and ratified by the twelve member states of the european communities ecbelgium, denmark, france, the federal republic of germany, greece, ireland, italy, luxembourg, the netherlands, portugal, spain, and the united kingdomtook effect. On the creation of the encyclopedia britannicas celebrated eleventh edition, 19101911 2016. Members will also receive britannica store discounts. The european union is the worlds largest confederation of independent states, established under that name in 1992 by the treaty on european union the maastricht treaty. European commission european organization britannica. The european union definition of the european union by.
It is founded upon numerous treaties and has undergone expansions and secessions that have taken it from 6 member states to 27, a majority of the states in europe apart from the ideas of federation, confederation, or customs union such as winston churchills 1946 call for a united states of. Relations between the european union eu and the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland uk date back to the foundation of the european communities, the european union s predecessor, in 1957. The european union eu is an economic and political union of 28 member states that are located primarily in europe. The cornerstone of this service, the complete encyclop. For help with britannica cdroms and dvds, visit our online technical support site. European union member state simple english wikipedia. The eu helps its member countries with issues such as trade, security, and the rights of citizens. Eftir the cumin thegither o germany in 1990, the umwhyl territorie o the gdr jynd the european union croatie wul lyk jyn the eu in 2009, north macedonie wis makkit a candidate kintra in 2006, an turkey haes been a canidate kintra in 1999 altho thay didna corrieneuch till 2005. That allows the free flow of goods and people, except for random spot checks for crime and drugs. Its western frontiers seem clearly defined by its coastline, yet the position of the british isles remains equivocal. Belgium, luxembourg, and the netherlands encyclopedia. It has created a common economic area with europewide laws allowing the citizens of eu countries to move and trade in other eu countries. The european union eu is a group o 27 memmer states that are locatit primarily in europe.
Encyclopedia britannica, created by the maastricht treaty in 1993, the european union consists of 27 countries with common economic, social, and security policies. The united kingdom was a major member state of the european communities after joining it in 1973. European commission ec, an institution of the european union eu and its constituent entities that makes up the organizations executive arm. Britannica recommends including the schools britannica cookie within the deep freeze refresh itself, so that the computer will automatically be logged in when it is refreshed. This series examines each of these countries in fullcolor detail, tracing the evolution of each region from its diverse beginnings to the present day. The history of the european union 1955 european union. The european parliament, ap, encyclopedia britannica, bfm tv. The european union eu is a supranational and intergovernmental union of 25 27 as of 1st january 2007 independent, democratic member states. Two new member states will join in 2007 romania and bulgaria. Individual cultural traditions, societies, economic achievements, and key. The european union was established under that name in 1992 by the treaty on european union the maastricht treaty. Despite these handicaps, the encyclopedia provides detailed and authoritative accounts of more than seven hundred concepts, issues, developments, institutions, policies, events, negotiations, treaties, national interests, and personalities. The european union eu was formed to bring together the countries of europe.
A european union member state is any one of the twentyseven countries that have joined the european union eu since it was found in 1958 as the european economic community eec. Entry for new england 1911 encyclopedia britannica one of 8 bible encyclopedias freely available, this resource contained over 40 million words in nearly 40,000 articles written by 1,500 respected authors. Europes total geographical area is about ten million square kilometres. Entry for calabar 1911 encyclopedia britannica one of 8 bible encyclopedias freely available, this resource contained over 40 million words in nearly 40,000 articles written by 1,500 respected authors. Wikimedia commons has media related to european union subcategories. Eu european union article about eu european union by. History of europe britannica encyclopedia britannica. New england 1911 encyclopedia britannica bible encyclopedia. It is the capital of the eastern province of the protectorate, and is in regular steamship and telegraphic communication. Article 50 of the treaty on european union sets out the procedures to be followed if a member state decides to leave the european union. The benelux economic union, which sought economic integration between the three countries, in fact served as the model for the european union. Visionary leaders came together to create economic and political stability to ensure long term peace in europe. Now in its third edition, the concise encyclopedia of the european union provides an excellent, thorough and inexpensive response to those needs from charlemagnes aachen to bismarcks zollverein, via all the key modernday institutions, people and ideas that anyone studying or dealing with the eu is ever likely to come across. Europe, second smallest of the worlds continents, composed of the westwardprojecting peninsulas of eurasia the great landmass that it shares with asia.
France and germany have been central to the european union project ever. The britannica guide to countries of the european union. The largest happened on 1 may 2004, when ten member states joined. Encyclopedia of the european union the european union series. Eu an economic and political union established in 1993 after the ratification of the maastricht treaty by members of the european community and since.
Encyclopedia britannica, despite being known as the low countries, belgium, luxembourg, and the netherlands are far from insignificant. It is founded upon numerous treaties and has undergone expansions and secessions that have taken it from 6 member states to 27, a majority of the states in europe. History of europe, history of european peoples and cultures from prehistoric times to the present. The maastricht treaty significantly modified the eecs institutions and decision. Monie kintras in the union bruiks the same siller, the euro. But despite its cultural, economic, governmental, and historical achievements, france has experienced trials and tribulations, perhaps.
Pre columbian america, empires of the new world the britannica guide to ancient civilizations feb. Calabar 1911 encyclopedia britannica bible encyclopedia. The areas that benefit are environmental protection. The european union is a vast subject and, as the editor admits, refuses to stand still.
Below is a list of most states in europe, in order of geographical area. It has long played a dominant role on the world stage, and as one of the largest countries of the european union, its global influence shows no signs of dying down. Britannica online includes thousands of articles not in the print edition. Encyclopedia britannica, beginning with the industrial revolution, europe was seized by the spirit of political and social innovation and reform that has continued into the 21st century.
The history of the european union 2016 european union. Steamship agents office in european port circa 1900. The collapse of europes fixed exchange rate system, the erm, into which he had, as chancellor of the exchequer, brought the pound, led to recriminations with germany. Relations between the european union eu and the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland uk date back to the foundation of the european communities, the european unions predecessor, in 1957. The european union a brief outline to this union of twentyeight european states overview european union history pre1945 ideas on european unity history of the european communities 19451957. Danish withdrawal from the european union wikipedia. Its etymology is doubtful, as is the physical extent of the area it designates. For help with technical and access issues, call 180062900 ext. Some of the new articles, such as those for john kerry and john edwards, are actually found in the fact index volume instead of the main encyclopedia.
Email subscriber feature cite subscriber feature the member countries of the european union joined at different times. Macron, merkel and the battle for the future of europe podcast. European union encyclopedia and directory 2017 17th edition. The union wis pitten thegither for cultural an economic ettils. Encyclopedia britannica, frances cultural and historical legacies are numerous and diverse. However, many aspects of the union existed before that date through a series of predecessor. Meeting in messina italy, the foreign ministers of belgium, france, germany, italy, luxembourg and the netherlands agree upon economic integration. Be on the look out for the britannica for parents newsletter to deliver insightful facts for the family right to your inbox. The eu transmits stateoftheart technologies to its members. However, in 2016, one memberthe united kingdomvoted to leave the eu. European union eu, international organization comprising 27 european countries and governing common economic, social, and security policies. Applicants must be european states among borderline cases turkey qualifies but morocco does not, respecters of the rule of law and the european convention on human rights, willing to accept the acquis communautaire and democratic. European economic community map showing the composition of the european economic community eec from 1957, when it was formed by the members of the european coal and steel community ecsc, to 1993, when it was renamed the european community ec and was subsumed under the european union eu.
It was a leading member state of the european union until it became the first country to. Those are ranked according to the size of their european part only. European union encyclopedia and directory 2017 17th. Considerations on a definition of nanomaterial for regulatory purposes. The european union is a geopolitical entity covering a large portion of the european continent. From an original membership of six states, there have been five successive enlargements. The european union as we know it started its journey over half a century ago. The people of the united kingdom vote to withdraw from the european union by a margin of 52 % to 48 % in a referendum.
The european union or the eu is an intergovernmental and supranational union of 25 european countries, known as member states. From then on, many others have followed in their footsteps, striving to build on this vision through successive treaties. European union simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Danish withdrawal from the european union eu colloquially danexit or daxit, a portmanteau of danish and exit refers to the hypothesis that denmark might leave the eu. European union eu, international organization comprising 27 european countries and governing common. A great deal of additional information on the european union is available on the internet.
Jurgen habermas and andrew moravcsik college of europe. It occupies nearly onefifteenth of the worlds total land area. The european union definition of the european union by the. The european union synonyms, the european union pronunciation, the european union translation, english dictionary definition of the european union. Pages in category european union the following 37 pages are in this category, out of 37 total. The history of the european union in three minutes.
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