Reproductive systems of humans v rats editable compare. Assessment of sperm production and reproductive organs of. Grades 9 to 12 human body series female reproductive system. Notes on human male reproductive system and its components.
May 04, 2010 the male reproductive system composed of the testes, genital ducts, accessory glands, and penis. The internal sex organs are the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The male gamete, or sperm, and the female gamete, the egg or ovum, meet in the females. The female reproductive system includes both internal and external reproductive organs and their associated tissues.
To determine whether sleep deprivation has an effect on the male reproductive system, the present study attempted to evaluate sperm quality, hormone levels, and histopathology of testis in sleepdeprived male rats. Nonproliferative and proliferative lesions of the rat and mouse female reproductive system. The duration of the estrous cycle of rodent strains most commonly used in toxicology studies is typically 4 to 5 days 57 goldman et al. Reproductive toxic effects of ingestion of sodium fluoride. Media in category female reproductive system the following 11 files are in this category, out of 11 total. During preclinical investigations into the safety of drugs and chemicals, many are found to interfere with reproductive function in the female rat. Describe the hormonal changes that occur during the ovarian and menstrual cycles. Reproductive hazards in the workplace act on the tissues, eggs, and hormones that comprise the intricate female reproductive system. Outline the anatomy of the female reproductive system from external to internal. Male reproductive system normal physiology and structure testis function, physiology and regulation the testis has two major functions. The male gamete, or sperm, and the female gamete, the egg or ovum, meet in the female s. Female external genitalia refers to the exposed part of the reproductive organs. Pdf malignant tumors of the female reproductive system.
Maternal water restriction did not affect relative weights of reproductive and body organs of male rat offspring. Pathology of female reproductive system ovaries neoplastic diseases, cysts torsion, endometriosis, hemorrhagic corpus luteum, hormonal imbalance fallopian tubes infection, tubal pregnancy, neoplastic disease uterus corpus neoplastic disease, hyperplasia, functional bleeding, infection. The female reproductive system primarily consists of internal organs. Assessment of pradosia huberi effects on the reproductive system of. Results of the current study indicate that sleep deprivation may influence the male reproductive system in rats. Malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. It is recommended that the female be given a rest period of at least 2 months between pregnancies and litter rearing to restore her body to full strength. The primary functions of the male reproductive system are the production of sperm, the transportation of sperm from the testes out of the male body, the placement of sperm into the females vagina, and the production of glandular secretions and hormones. Female reproductive system centers for disease control.
Female reproductive system the female has a bicornuate uterus classified as a uterus duplex, and paired bulbi vestibule glands clitoral glands similar to preputial glands of the male. The female reproductive system is made up of internal organs and external structures. In your study of the reproductive system make sure examine rats of both sexes. Female reproductive system ans 215 physiology and anatomy of domesticated animals i. The testes in the scrotum produce the male gamete, sperm, which is ejaculated in seminal fluid by the penis. Spermatogenesis occurs in the seminiferous tubules, of which there are 1020 in each rat testis. Nonproliferative and proliferative lesions of the rat and. The female reproductive system functions to produce gametes and reproductive hormones, just like the male. This is where a mans penis enters the woman during.
The internal organs of the male reproductive system, also called accessory organs, include the following. Male reproductive system introduction grading scheme should be used in documenting commonly occurring lesions in male reproductive tissues if treatmentrelated exacerbation of common background changes is suspected. Nervous system the ventricular cns system is similar to that of other animals except the rat lacks a foramen of magendie. Effect of sleep deprivation on the male reproductive. The animals were treated for 63 consecutive days, period that corresponds to the duration of the spermatogenic cycle in wistar rats plus the sperm transit time through the epididymis. Cdc reproductive health how the female reproductive. The hypophysis in the female is greater in weight than the male. The female reproductive system is constantly changing, so it is normal to see huge variation in the size, shape, color, and function of the reproductive organs huge species differences pathology is often linked to fertilityinfertility and not necessarily the overall health of the animal. Assessment of fertility and reproductive capacity of rats exposed to hydroalcoholic of p. These parts along with a pair of mammary glands that are integrated both functionally and structurally also support the process of ovulation, fertilization, birth and. On the surface of the testis is a coiled tube called the epididymus, which collects and stores sperm cells.
Start studying excretory and reproductive rat system. Cut through the sac carefully to reveal the testis. Sexual maturation is the process that this system undergoes in order to carry out its role in the process of pregnancy and birth. Provide an environment for the growth and nourishment of the developing fetus after fertilization. Reproductive tests designed to evaluate the toxicity of compounds are important to identify which targets in the reproductive system are affected by the toxin. In humans, the female reproductive system is immature at birth and develops to maturity at puberty to be able to produce gametes, and to carry a foetus to full term. The dual function of the testis is to produce spermatozoa and hormones. Examining the reproductive system of the rat, students have the opportunity to compare male and female organs, study internal fertilization, and observe gestational changes in the female.
Its function is to enable reproduction of the species. The endometrium contains a unique system of blood vessels the uterine artery gives off 6 to 10 arcuate arteries that anastomose in the myometrium. A textbook of comparative physiology microform for students and practitioners of comparative veterinary medicine 1890 20446206708. The female reproductive system is one of the most vital parts of the human reproductive process. Reproductive characteristics of the female laboratory rat. The internal female reproductive organs ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina. The male reproductive system consists of external organs. Overview of the reproductive system boundless anatomy and. Male reproductive system introduction lined only by sertoli cells and should not be mistaken for focal seminiferous tubule atrophy arrows. The rat is representative of mammalian reproduction where fertilization of ova occurs inside the female, and the fertilized zygotes develop in the mother. The female reproductive system is designed to carry out several functions.
The rete testis in this section is narrow and elongated arrow in a male spraguedawley rat from a multigeneration reproduction study. The male reproductive system composed of the testes, genital ducts, accessory glands, and penis. Female reproductive system 1 department of health and human services centers for disease control prevention atlanta, georgia, 30333. The urogenital system includes both the reproductive organs and the excretory. Oct 11, 2009 anatomy and physiology week 6 i flipped the camera. The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs that function in reproduction of new offspring. In addition, olfactory cues from pheromones are very important to the sexual behavior of the male rat nelson, 1995. Stimulate anterior pituitary to produce and release fsh and lh.
Female reproductive system more complex than the males because it serves more purposes produce and deliver gametes, provide nutrition and safe harbor for fetal development, gives birth, and nourish the infant more cyclic, and female hormones secreted in a more complex sequence than the relatively steady secretion in the male 281. In the human reproductive process, two kinds of sex cells, or gametes gahmeetz, are involved. An females internal reproductive organs are the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix, and ovary. Although a man is needed to reproduce, it is the woman who incubates the developing fetus and. Reproductive system, page 3 of 6 d reproductive hormones of the male 1 gonadotropinreleasing hormone gnrh. Female reproductive anatomy and physiology the female reproductive system is composed of both. The female reproductive system boundless anatomy and. Female rats can quickly become pregnant again after giving birth.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Although a man is needed to reproduce, it is the woman who incubates the. Reproductive toxic effects of ingestion of sodium fluoride in. Breeding and reproduction of rats merck veterinary manual. The major reproductive organs of the male rat are the testes singular. These activities will help students understand the anatomy and function of the female reproductive organs. There are two uteral cervixes for each horn in rats, in human female one cervix. Examining the rat reproductive system allows students to compare male and female organs, study internal fertilization, and observe gestational changes in the. Grades 9 to 12 human body series female reproductive. Jul 01, 20 the female reproductive system functions produces the female egg cells transports the eggs to the site of fertilization the fertilization of an egg by a sperm, occurs in the fallopian tubes after fertilization, provides a place for a baby to develop if fertilization does not take place, the system is designed to menstruate produces female sex. Female reproductive system overview, anatomy and physiology. A 400 gm rat will eat 20 grams of foodday 45 g 100 g body weight.
The external genitalia mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, vestibule and opening of the vagina, and external urethral orifice. Toxic agents may reduce male fertility potential by impairing sperm production, maturation, function and survival by acting directly on the sperm in the testis milieu or by affecting. Pradosia huberi, fertility, rats, reproductive toxicity. Recently, heindel et al4 investigated the developmental toxicity of fluoride and reported no adverse effect of sodium fluoride on the embryonic and fetal developments in rats or rabbits at doses of 27 mgkgday in the rat and 29 mgkgday in rabbits. Female reproductive system for teens nemours kidshealth. Urogenital system the excretory and reproductive systems of vertebrates are closely integrated and are usually studied together as the urogenital system. This is where a mans penis enters the woman during sexual intercourse. Branches from these arteries, the radial arteries, enter the basal layer of the endometrium where they give off small straight arteries that supply this region of the endometrium. The human female reproductive system contains two main parts. Describe the structure and function of the organs of the female reproductive system. Overview of the reproductive system boundless anatomy. Immediately after death, the following organs were dissected out and weighed. Male reproductive system normal physiology and structure testis function, physiology and regulation. The reproductive system also supplies nourishment for the offspring after birth and produces female sex hormones.
Pdf nonproliferative and proliferative lesions of the rat and. Normal cyclical changes in the female reproductive system of rodents. The female reproductive system functions produces the female egg cells transports the eggs to the site of fertilization the fertilization of an egg by a sperm, occurs in the fallopian tubes after fertilization. By knowing how the reproductive system works, you can better protect yourself and your family against hazards, better understand your doctor, what you read, and media reports about reproductive hazards. The genital tract includes the oviducts, uterus, cervix and.
Dec 19, 2017 the female reproductive system is one of the most vital parts of the human reproductive process. Pradosia huberi is a species found in the amazon region and used as an antiulcerogenic and gastroprotective agent. The horns are fused distally but each horn has its own ostium internum, externum, and cervical canal. The two ovaries present in each female are held in place by the following ligaments. Rat uterus is bifurcated and horn shaped called cornua. Even within one strain of rat or mouse, though, the length of the estrous cycle may vary between individuals. The reproductive and vital organs were analyzed, and sperm was collected from the epididymal secretion of the right. Hypericum perforatum hiperico is a plant that has been used to treat diseases and also inhibits rat and human vas deferens contractility. Rats have a cleft upper lip called a philtrum, and an intact lower lip. It is a pouch of deeply pigmented skin divided into two separate sacs. Jul 20, 2008 difference between female rat and human reproductive system. Assessment of pradosia huberi effects on the reproductive. The ovary is the organ that produces ova singular, ovum, or eggs. During this cycle numerous well defined and sequential alterations in reproductive tract histology, physiology and cytology occur, initiated and regulated by.
Reproductive characteristics of the female laboratory rat academic. The vagina is a muscular tube about three to four inches long that ends the birth canal. It produces the female egg cells necessary for reproduction, called the ova or oocytes. The genital ducts and accessory glands produce secretions that, aided by smooth muscle contractions, conduct spermatozoa toward the exterior. Spermatogenesis is the process whereby primitive, diploid, stem cell spermatogonia give rise to highly differentiated, haploid.
During preclinical investigations into the safety of drugs and chemicals, many are found to interfere with the reproductive function of the female rat yuan and foley 2002. The surface of the rat cerebrum, as with most lower mammals, is smooth without the complex sulcal pattern seen in humans endocrine system. The main system structures of the female rat are the vagina, ovaries, uterus, and mammary glands. In the present study, 48 male rats were randomly divided into 8 groups n6 and were treated. Normal female reproductive tract histology ovary 1. The female gamete, ovum, is produced in the ovaries and is released monthly to travel to the uterus via the. Reproductive system, page 6 of 6 h fertilization and pregnancy. The female reproductive system consists of the following structures, as shown in figure 1. Water taste receptors have not been identified in the rat, and it is believed that rats can not taste water. The female reproductive system consists of the two ovaries and the female genital tract. The male reproductive system and the effect of an extract. Aug 02, 2016 to determine whether sleep deprivation has an effect on the male reproductive system, the present study attempted to evaluate sperm quality, hormone levels, and histopathology of testis in sleepdeprived male rats.
But even though the reproductive system is essential to keeping a species alive, unlike other body systems, its not essential to keeping an individual alive. Female internal genitalia includes the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Adult and immature male rats were treated with an aqueous extract of c. The epididymis is a long, coiled tube that rests on the backside of each testicle. Effect of sleep deprivation on the male reproductive system. Reproductive organs vagina the vagina is the short muscular canal that leads from the female rats uterus to the outside of the body. Therapeutic effect of resveratrol on morphineinduced. The female laboratory rat, like most placental mammals, demonstrates intrinsic reproductive cyclicity, characterised by the regular occurrence of an oestrous cycle. Human male reproductive system consists of the following parts. Anatomy and physiology week 6 i flipped the camera. A sexually mature girl s reproductive system is amazingly complex and can be the source of many questions and much misinformation. This interference is commonly expressed as a change in normal morphology of the reproductive tract or a disturbance in the duration of particular phases of the estrous cycle. Mar 19, 2015 the vagina is a muscular tube about three to four inches long that ends the birth canal. The female reproductive system is composed of a pair of ovaries along with oviducts, vagina, cervix, uterus, and the external genitalia that are located in the pelvic region.
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